Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It’s primarily caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. When plaque isn’t removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar,
leading to gum irritation and infection.

Gum disease comes in two stages:
1. Gingivitis: The earliest stage, characterized by gum inflammation. It’s usually reversible with proper oral hygiene.
2. Periodontitis: If gingivitis is left untreated, it can advance to periodontitis, which can damage the soft tissue and bone supporting your teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss.

Causes of Gum Disease

Poor Oral Hygiene

Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to accumulate on teeth and gums.

Smoking and Tobacco Use

Tobacco weakens the immune system, making it harder for gums to fight off infections.

Genetics

Some individuals may be more prone to gum disease due to hereditary factors.

Poor Diet

Lack of proper nutrients can weaken the immune system and impair gum health.

Symptoms of Gum Disease

Gum disease can often progress without obvious symptoms, especially in the early stages. However, there are several signs to watch out for:

• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Gums that bleed easily, especially when brushing or flossing
• Receding gums, where teeth appear longer due to gum tissue loss
• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Pus between teeth and gums
• Changes in the way your teeth fit together when biting down