A cavity is a hole or damage in the tooth’s surface, also known as the enamel, caused by tooth decay. Tooth decay occurs when bacteria in your mouth feed on sugars from food and produce acids. These acids erode the enamel over time, leading to the formation of a cavity.

Cavities can range from minor surface damage to deeper issues affecting the inner layers of the tooth. Without intervention, decay can progress into the dentin (the layer beneath the enamel) and eventually reach the pulp (the nerve and blood supply of the tooth), causing pain and infection.

What Are Cavity Fillings?

Cavity fillings are materials used to restore the shape, integrity, and function of a tooth that has been damaged by decay. After removing the decayed portion of the tooth, a dentist fills the empty space (cavity) with a dental filling material to prevent further
decay and restore the tooth’s function.

The primary goal of a filling is to stop the progression of decay and protect the tooth from future damage.

Amalgam Fillings (Silver Fillings)

They are made from a mixture of metals, including silver, mercury, copper, and tin. These fillings are durable, strong, and often used for back teeth where pressure from chewing is high.

Composite Fillings (Tooth-Colored Fillings)

They are made from a resin material that is colored to match the shade of your natural teeth. They are ideal for visible teeth because of their aesthetic appeal.

Ceramic Fillings (Porcelain Fillings)

They are made from porcelain and are known for their durability and aesthetic resemblance to natural teeth. They are stain-resistant and can last a long time.

Gold Fillings

They are made from a gold alloy and are highly durable. They are considered the premium choice for fillings.

Glass Ionomer Fillings

They are made from acrylic and a component of glass. They are often used for fillings in children or in areas below the gum line. These fillings release fluoride, which can help protect the tooth.